Synonymy:
Sphaeria polymorpha Pers., Comm. fung. clav. (Lipsiae): 17 (1797)
Cordyceps polymorpha (Pers.) Fr., Observ. mycol., Cancellans Edn (Havniae) 2: 317 (1818)
Cordylia polymorpha (Pers.) Fr., Observ. mycol. (Havniae) 2: 317 (1818)
Hypoxylon polymorphum (Pers.) Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (London) 1: 512 (1821)
Xylosphaera polymorpha (Pers.) Dumort., Comment. bot. (Tournay): 92 (1822)
Sphaeria digitata var. polymorpha (Pers.) Pollini, Flora veronensis quam in prodomum florae italiae septentrionalis 3: 757 (1824)

Sphaeria digitata Sowerby, Col. fig. Engl. Fung. Mushr. (London) 1(no. 10): tab. 69 (1797)

Sphaeria polymorpha var. spathulata Pers., Observ. mycol. (Lipsiae) 2: 64 (1800) [1799]
Xylaria polymorpha var. spathulata (Pers.) Nitschke, Pyrenomyc. Germ. 1: 17 (1867)

Hypoxylon polymorphum var. spathulatum Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (London) 1: 513 (1821)

Hypoxylon polymorphum var. mammillanum Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (London) 1: 513 (1821)

Xylaria polymorpha var. mentzeliana Tul. & C. Tul., Select. fung. carpol. (Paris) 2: 9 (1863)

Xylaria polymorpha var. hypoxylea Nitschke, Pyrenomyc. Germ. 1: 17 (1867)

Xylaria polymorpha var. pistillaris Nitschke, Pyrenomyc. Germ. 1: 17 (1867)

Xylaria polymorpha var. acrodactyla Nitschke, Pyrenomyc. Germ. 1: 17 (1867)

Xylaria polymorpha var. fastigiata Speg., Anal. Soc. cient. argent. 18(6): 277 (1884)

Xylaria polymorpha subsp. pachystroma Sacc., Malpighia 4: 299 (1890)

Xylaria polymorpha var. acuminata Starbäck, Bih. K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl., Afd. 3 27(no. 9): 21 (1901)

Xylaria corrugata Har. & Pat., J. Bot., Paris 17: 13 (1903)

Xylaria rugosa Sacc., Annls mycol. 4(1): 74 (1906)

Xylaria polymorpha var. combinans Peck, Bull. N.Y. St. Mus. 116: 33 (1907)

Position in classification:
Xylaria, Xylariaceae, Xylariales, Xylariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota, Fungi

Note:
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